British Citizenship
British citizenship is not a right but a privilege. This means you may be refused even if you appear to qualify for it. 1st Citizen Lawyers specialise in
British citizenship applications with a great reputation for excellence. Don’t take chances and risk the most important application of your life. Get in touch to discuss how you can make a watertight application.
A British citizen has the right to permanently live in the UK without any immigration restrictions whatsoever. This right is also known as the right of abode. Depending on your immigration background or nationality – eg, if you are married to a British citizen or have been granted Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) – you may be able to apply for British citizenship.
Most people who are settled in the UK (have ILR or permanent residence) take it for granted believing their right to stay in the UK is forever. They do not know that their right of permanent stay may be revoked in certain circumstances, for instance as a result of a criminal conviction or a long stay abroad. It is therefore advisable to apply for naturalisation or British citizenship as soon as you qualify.
Under British nationality law, citizenship is not a right but a privilege extended at the sole discretion of the Secretary of State. This means that even if you appear to meet the legal requirements for citizenship, you may still be refused. What makes it even more complicated is that there is no right of appeal if your application is refused. Hence it is critical that proper legal representation is sought to develop the best possible case and increase the prospects of success. Moreover if an application for citizenship is refused, any application fee paid to the Home Office is not refundable. The refusal also might make a future application much more complex or even impossible in certain circumstances. Getting professional legal advice is therefore all you can do to ensure that your application meets all applicable legal requirements.
There are three main routes to becoming a British citizen as follows: ♠ birth; ♠ registration; and ♠ naturalisation. Additionally, there are circumstances in which a person who was not born British automatically becomes a British citizen by operation of law, without ever needing registration, naturalisation or application – as in the case of a child who is legally adopted by a British citizen.
♠ British Citizenship by Birth
The question of whether or not you were born a British citizen is an extremely complex one as it depends on a combination of factors including where and when you were born, the nationality of your parents and the law in force at the time of your birth.It also has to do with British nationality law being the most complicated in world primarily because it has evolved rapidly through decades of Britain's colonial past and historical relationship with the commonwealth countries. It will therefore be necessary to go back several generations in time to determine whether you are a British citizen or are entitled to apply to become one.♠ By Naturalisation
Those who have ILR, or Permanent Residence as European nationals, may be eligible to apply for British Citizenship by naturalisation so long as they fulfill the legal requirements which include, among others, residence requirement, sufficient knowledge of the English language and of life in the UK (KoLL), and good character.
KoLL is formally examined, whereas good character involves meeting certain conditions such as paying taxes and national insurance contributions and not having an adverse criminal history and disregard of the law. Once your application is successful Naturalisation takes place at a public ceremony where you will make an oath or affirmation of allegiance.♠ By Registration
Although this route may be available to adults in limited circumstances, British citizenship by registration is primarily meant for children.The main condition for those over the age of ten years is to be of good character, knowledge of the English language or of life in the UK is not required at all.One example of the use of this route by adults is to address the issues of discrimination in the past. For instance, people born to certain British mothers between 7 February 1961 and 1 January 1983 may be able to register as British because at the time when they were born, only British fathers were able to pass their nationality on to their children born abroad. This bar was removed in 1983, however the consequences of the historic discrimination still persist for people born abroad to British mothers before 7 February 1961.As a result of changes implemented on 13 January 2010, children of serving members of the armed forces, British Nationals (Overseas) who have no other citizenship or nationality (other conditions apply) and the children of British mothers, whenever they were born became eligible for British Citizenship by registration.♠ Children of Unmarried British Fathers
Before 1 July 2006 a child could only obtain citizenship through his or her father if the parents were married. The law changed on 1 July 2006 to allow a person to acquire citizenship through his or her father, irrespective of whether the parents were married, subject to proof of paternity.That change unfortunately was not made retrospective. But now the law has been amended to create a registration route for those born before 1 July 2006 who would have become British citizens had their parents been married.These provisions will benefit:♠ Those who could qualify for registration under section 1(3), 3(2), 3(5) or paragraph 4 or 5 of Schedule 2, had their parents been married. (Section 4F)♠ Those born after 1 January 1983 who would have become a British citizen automatically had their parents been married (section 4G)♠ Those born before 1 January 1983 who were citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies on that date and would have become British citizens if their parents were married (section 4H)♠ Those born before 1 January 1983 who would have acquired the status of British subject or citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies and would have gone on to become a British citizen if their parents were married (section 4I).These provisions do not apply to:♠ Those who could have become a British citizen had their parents registered their birth or registered them as a British subject or CUKC, but did not do so.♠ Those who would have become British citizens but for the fact that their grandparents were not married.♠ Those who acquired British citizenship in another way and have since renounced or been deprived of that status.
Other British Nationalities
The complexity of British nationality law can be demonstrated from the fact that, apart from British Citizenship, there are many other types of British nationality stemming from the legacy of the British Empire. These types include British Overseas Territories Citizens, British Subjects, British Nationals (Overseas), British Overseas Citizens and British Protected Persons.Unlike British citizenship, these other types of British nationality do not normally carry a right of residence in the UK. These may however offer additional routes to gaining a right of residence or becoming a British citizen, for example British ancestry applications.Dual Nationality & British Passport
If you want to become a British citizen you do not need to give up the citizenship of your country of origin as the UK law recognises the right to have dual nationality. You may however lose your previous citizenship automatically upon acquiring British citizenship if you are a national of a country who does not approve of gaining another nationality.Once you have become a British citizen you can apply for the British passport which is the most powerful in the world for its holders can enter more countries than Americans, Canadians, Australians or Germans. If you don't have the right supporting documentation to apply for passport you may be able to apply for a nationality status document.Nationality Checking Service
NCS is an optional application copying and submission service offered by certain local councils. Their advisers photocopy your documents and give the originals back, and send your application off to the Home Office after ensuring that the application is complete. The NCS however cannot prepare your citizenship application, offer citizenship advice or representation. It is therefore important that you seek help from authorised immigration lawyers like 1st Citizen in order to prepare a case which meets all the applicable legal requirements. Once your case is ready for submission we may then advise you to go through NCS in case you don't wish to send your original documents or passports with the application or have plans to travel abroad after submitting your application.Eligibility for Registration as a British Citizen Diagram
For a Child Born Outside the UK on or after 1 January 1983 (sections quoted are those of the British Nationality Act 1981)
